Scheme of Work

Basic Mathematics

O-Level · Form I–IV · TIE / NECTA aligned

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Form I — Scheme of Work

Basic Mathematics · O-Level (Form I–IV) · competence-based (TIE) · adapt weeks to your term calendar

MonthWeekMain CompetenceSpecific CompetencesTopicSub-topicTeaching & Learning ActivitiesMethodsResourcesAssessmentPeriodsReferencesRemarks
January1–2Use whole numbers and the four basic operations to solve problems in everyday life.
  • Read, write and identify the place value of numbers in base ten.
  • Add, subtract, multiply and divide whole numbers and integers.
Numbers (Base Ten)Key concepts and applicationsIn groups, learners use place-value charts and number lines to represent numbers and carry out operations, then create and solve real-life money and distance problems.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
January3–4Apply fractions, decimals and percentages to solve problems involving parts of quantities and money.
  • Simplify, compare and perform operations on fractions and decimals.
  • Convert between fractions, decimals and percentages and apply them to real situations.
Fractions, Decimals & PercentageKey concepts and applicationsLearners fold paper and share objects to model fractions, convert between the three forms, and solve market and price problems, explaining their reasoning.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
February5–6Use standard units of measurement to express and convert quantities in daily life.
  • Identify and convert units of length, mass, capacity and time.
  • Apply units to solve practical measurement problems.
UnitsKey concepts and applicationsLearners measure objects around the school, record results in a table and convert between units.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
February7–8Use rounding and significant figures to estimate quantities and check the reasonableness of answers.
  • Round off numbers to a given number of decimal places and significant figures.
  • Estimate results and identify errors in calculations.
ApproximationsKey concepts and applicationsLearners estimate quantities such as distances or crowd sizes, then calculate the exact value and compare it with their estimate.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
March9–10Identify geometric figures and use the properties of lines and angles to solve problems.
  • Describe and measure points, lines and angles.
  • Apply angle properties on a straight line and at a point.
GeometryKey concepts and applicationsLearners use rulers and protractors to draw and measure angles, then investigate relationships between angles.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
March11–12Use algebraic symbols and simple equations to represent and solve everyday problems.
  • Form and simplify algebraic expressions.
  • Solve simple linear equations in one unknown.
AlgebraKey concepts and applicationsLearners translate word problems into expressions and equations, solve them, and check their solutions by substitution.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
April13–14Apply ratio, proportion and percentage to trade and sharing situations.
  • Express and simplify ratios and divide quantities in a given ratio.
  • Calculate profit, loss and percentage profit or loss.
Ratio, Profit & LossKey concepts and applicationsLearners role-play buying and selling goods, computing profit, loss and sharing money in given ratios.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
April15–16Locate and plot points on the Cartesian plane and interpret their positions.
  • Identify the x- and y-axes and read the coordinates of points.
  • Plot points and draw simple figures on the plane.
Coordinate GeometryKey concepts and applicationsLearners plot given coordinates on graph paper to form shapes or pictures and describe the positions of points.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
May17–18Calculate the perimeters and areas of common plane figures and apply them to real problems.
  • Find the perimeter of rectangles, triangles and circles.
  • Calculate the areas of rectangles, triangles, parallelograms and circles.
Perimeters & AreasKey concepts and applicationsLearners measure classroom surfaces and the school compound, then compute perimeter and area and compare their methods.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.

Form II — Scheme of Work

Basic Mathematics · O-Level (Form I–IV) · competence-based (TIE) · adapt weeks to your term calendar

MonthWeekMain CompetenceSpecific CompetencesTopicSub-topicTeaching & Learning ActivitiesMethodsResourcesAssessmentPeriodsReferencesRemarks
January1–2Use the laws of exponents and radicals to simplify expressions and solve problems.
  • Apply the laws of indices to simplify powers.
  • Simplify and rationalise simple radicals (surds).
Exponents & RadicalsKey concepts and applicationsLearners derive the laws of indices from examples, then simplify expressions and present their steps on the board.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
January3–4Manipulate algebraic expressions and solve linear equations and inequalities.
  • Expand, factorise and simplify algebraic expressions.
  • Solve linear equations and simultaneous equations in two unknowns.
AlgebraKey concepts and applicationsLearners model real problems with simultaneous equations and solve them by substitution and elimination, then verify the solutions.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
February5–6Solve quadratic equations and apply them to real-life situations.
  • Solve quadratic equations by factorisation and by the quadratic formula.
  • Form quadratic equations from word problems.
Quadratic EquationsKey concepts and applicationsLearners form quadratic equations from area and number problems and solve them by more than one method.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
February7–8Use logarithms to simplify calculations involving multiplication, division and powers.
  • Relate logarithms to indices and read logarithm tables.
  • Apply the laws of logarithms to evaluate expressions.
LogarithmsKey concepts and applicationsLearners convert between index and logarithm form and use the laws of logarithms to evaluate expressions.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
March9–10Identify congruent figures and use congruence to solve geometric problems.
  • State and apply the conditions for congruence of triangles.
  • Use congruence to find unknown sides and angles.
CongruenceKey concepts and applicationsLearners cut out and superimpose triangles to test congruence conditions, then justify their conclusions.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
March11–12Use similarity of figures to solve problems involving scale and proportion.
  • State the conditions for similarity of triangles.
  • Use ratios of corresponding sides to find unknown lengths.
SimilarityKey concepts and applicationsLearners use shadows or scale drawings to estimate heights of tall objects using similar triangles.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
April13–14Describe and perform transformations of figures on the plane.
  • Perform reflection, rotation, translation and enlargement.
  • Describe a transformation given an object and its image.
Geometrical TransformationsKey concepts and applicationsLearners transform shapes on graph paper and describe each transformation fully (type and parameters).Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
April15–16Apply Pythagoras' theorem to solve problems involving right-angled triangles.
  • State Pythagoras' theorem.
  • Use the theorem to find an unknown side of a right-angled triangle.
Pythagoras' TheoremKey concepts and applicationsLearners verify the theorem by measuring right-angled triangles, then apply it to real distances (e.g. ladders, ramps).Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
May17–18Use trigonometric ratios to solve problems involving right-angled triangles.
  • Define sine, cosine and tangent of an angle.
  • Use the ratios to find unknown sides and angles.
TrigonometryKey concepts and applicationsLearners measure angles of elevation with a simple clinometer and use trigonometric ratios to find heights.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
May19–20Use sets and set operations to organise and classify information.
  • Describe sets and use set notation.
  • Perform union, intersection and complement and use Venn diagrams.
SetsKey concepts and applicationsLearners classify classroom items into sets and represent the relationships using Venn diagrams.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
June21–22Collect, present and interpret simple statistical data.
  • Organise data in frequency tables.
  • Draw and interpret bar charts, pictograms and pie charts.
StatisticsKey concepts and applicationsLearners collect data from classmates (e.g. ages, favourite subjects), tabulate it and present it as charts.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.

Form III — Scheme of Work

Basic Mathematics · O-Level (Form I–IV) · competence-based (TIE) · adapt weeks to your term calendar

MonthWeekMain CompetenceSpecific CompetencesTopicSub-topicTeaching & Learning ActivitiesMethodsResourcesAssessmentPeriodsReferencesRemarks
January1–2Use relations to describe how members of two sets are connected.
  • Represent relations by arrow diagrams and graphs.
  • Identify the domain and range of a relation.
RelationsKey concepts and applicationsLearners map members of one set to another (e.g. pupils to ages) and represent the relation in different ways.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
January3–4Use functions to model and solve real-life problems.
  • Distinguish a function from a general relation.
  • Evaluate and sketch simple linear and quadratic functions.
FunctionsKey concepts and applicationsLearners test relations to decide whether they are functions and sketch the graphs of given functions.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
February5–6Summarise data using measures of central tendency and suitable graphs.
  • Calculate the mean, median and mode.
  • Draw and interpret histograms and frequency polygons.
StatisticsKey concepts and applicationsLearners compute the mean, median and mode for collected data and discuss which best represents it.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
February7–8Apply rates and variation to solve real-life problems.
  • Work with rates such as speed and density.
  • Solve problems on direct and inverse variation.
Rates & VariationsKey concepts and applicationsLearners investigate how distance, speed and time are related using journeys, and tabulate varying quantities.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
March9–10Recognise patterns and use sequences and series to solve problems.
  • Find terms of arithmetic and geometric progressions.
  • Find the sum of an arithmetic or geometric series.
Sequences & SeriesKey concepts and applicationsLearners study number patterns and savings problems, deriving and applying the formulae.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
March11–12Use the properties of circles to solve geometric problems.
  • Identify parts of a circle.
  • Apply circle theorems on chords and angles.
CirclesKey concepts and applicationsLearners draw circles and measure angles to discover circle theorems, then apply them.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
April13–14Use latitude and longitude to locate places and find distances on the Earth.
  • Describe latitudes and longitudes.
  • Calculate distances along great circles.
The Earth as a SphereKey concepts and applicationsLearners use a globe to locate places by their coordinates and estimate distances between them.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
April15–16Keep simple financial records and prepare basic accounts.
  • Record transactions in a ledger.
  • Prepare a simple trial balance.
AccountsKey concepts and applicationsLearners record sample transactions of a small business and prepare a trial balance.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.

Form IV — Scheme of Work

Basic Mathematics · O-Level (Form I–IV) · competence-based (TIE) · adapt weeks to your term calendar

MonthWeekMain CompetenceSpecific CompetencesTopicSub-topicTeaching & Learning ActivitiesMethodsResourcesAssessmentPeriodsReferencesRemarks
January1–2Use coordinate geometry to study lines and their properties.
  • Find the distance, midpoint and gradient between two points.
  • Write the equation of a straight line.
Coordinate GeometryKey concepts and applicationsLearners plot points and lines on graph paper and derive distance, gradient and the equation of a line.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
January3–4Calculate areas and perimeters of compound figures and apply them to real problems.
  • Find areas of combined plane figures.
  • Solve problems involving the area of sectors and arc length.
Areas & PerimetersKey concepts and applicationsLearners split compound shapes (e.g. a plot of land) into simple figures and compute the total area.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
February5–6Calculate surface area and volume of three-dimensional figures.
  • Find the surface area of prisms, cylinders, cones and spheres.
  • Calculate the volume of solids.
Three-Dimensional FiguresKey concepts and applicationsLearners build or measure solid objects and compute their surface area and volume.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
February7–8Use probability to describe the likelihood of events and inform decisions.
  • Calculate the probability of a single event.
  • Find the probability of combined events.
ProbabilityKey concepts and applicationsLearners conduct experiments with coins and dice, record outcomes and compare experimental with theoretical probability.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
March9–10Extend trigonometry to angles of any size and to non-right-angled triangles.
  • Use trigonometric ratios for angles greater than 90°.
  • Apply the sine and cosine rules.
TrigonometryKey concepts and applicationsLearners solve non-right-angled triangle problems (e.g. surveying) using the sine and cosine rules.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
March11–12Represent and operate on vectors to solve problems involving displacement and force.
  • Represent vectors and find their magnitude.
  • Add and subtract vectors.
VectorsKey concepts and applicationsLearners represent journeys as vectors on graph paper and find resultant displacements.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
April13–14Use matrices to organise data and to perform transformations.
  • Add, subtract and multiply matrices.
  • Use matrices to perform transformations of figures.
Matrices & TransformationsKey concepts and applicationsLearners arrange data in matrices, operate on them, and apply transformation matrices to shapes.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
April15–16Use linear programming to find the best solution under given constraints.
  • Form linear inequalities from word problems.
  • Find the optimal value graphically.
Linear ProgrammingKey concepts and applicationsLearners model a real resource problem (e.g. maximising profit) with inequalities and solve it graphically.Brainstorming, guided discussion, demonstration, group work, question & answer.Textbooks, charts, real objects, chalkboard, digital content.Oral questions, written exercises, practical tasks, observation and portfolio.4Basic Mathematics syllabus (TIE); approved Basic Mathematics textbook.
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